Wai Ren

Wai Ren (: 外壬, born Zi Fa , was a Shang Dynasty King of China.



In the ''Records of the Grand Historian'' he was listed by Sima Qian as the eleventh Shang king, succeeding his brother Zhong Ding . He was enthroned in the year of Gengxu with Ao as his capital. During his reign there was a rebellion from Shang's vassals of Pei and Xian peoples. He ruled for 15 years before his death. He was given the posthumous name Wai Ren and was succeeded by his son He Dan Jia .



Oracle script inscriptions on unearthed at Yinxu alternatively record that he was the tenth Shang king, given the posthumous name Bu Ren and succeeded by his son .